"You shall not murder.” (part four)

"You shall not murder.” Exodus 20:13

God requires the death penalty for murder (Genesis 9:6), but how is the death penalty to be carried out?

God’s law requires two or more eye-witnesses of the crime and the witnesses are to be the first involved in executing the guilty party. Without such witnesses the guilty party may go free.

Deuteronomy 17:6-7 Whoever is deserving of death shall be put to death on the testimony of two or three witnesses; he shall not be put to death on the testimony of one witness. 7 The hands of the witnesses shall be the first against him to put him to death, and afterward the hands of all the people. So you shall put away the evil from among you.

Some might object, fearing that some who are guilty will go free. It is true that some guilty parties might. But God’s care for human life extends even to the guilty. From God’s perspective (and He knows that humans are incapable of being perfectly just all of the time), it is better than some who are guilty may go free than for an innocent person accused of murder be executed without sufficient due process.

Add to that, the fact that ultimate justice will be served in His court.

And do not miss that God says that capital punishment is a deterrent to crime—regardless of what opponents of capital punishment say!

"You shall not murder.” (part three)

"You shall not murder.” Exodus 20:13

Continuing our consideration of when killing is not murder, unintentional killing is not necessarily murder. Generally, to be considered murder as defined by scripture, killing must be intentional. “Malice aforethought,” is a technical term that describes taking a life deliberately, or taking a life while deliberately committing a crime. Such cases are murder and condemned by the sixth commandment.

In contrast, when a life is lost accidentally, it is generally considered manslaughter, and not murder requiring capital punishment. God’s Old Testament law had a provision—for those who unintentionally took a human life—to be protected from the death penalty. They were to flee to one of several “Cities of Refuge” where they were to remain until the current high priest died, after which they could return to their homes (Deuteronomy 19).

The death penalty is required for taking a human life in Genesis 9:6.

"Whoever sheds man's blood, By man his blood shall be shed; For in the image of God He made man.” Genesis 9:6

The reason is also stated in the verse: because human beings are image bearers of God.

How is the death penalty to be carried out? Next time…

"You shall not murder.” (part two)

"You shall not murder.” Exodus 20:13

The commandment prohibits murder, not all killing. What is the difference?

First, it is not murder to kill a plant or an animal. Human beings have a responsibility before God to care for the planet, which means managing plant life and animal life for God’s glory (Genesis 1:28-29). God’s Word allows for killing animals for food. (Genesis 9:1-4). Additionally, because animals have feelings (though not souls), cruelty to animals is a sin (Proverbs 12:10). Therefore, killing animals humanely, particularly for food is not murder.

Second, killing a human being is not always murder either. The Old Testament Law called for capital punishment for certain offenses. In the New Testament, Romans 13:1-4 teaches that God has ordained government to reward those who do good and punish evildoers for doing bad. One of the most important ways government is to reward those who do good is by maintaining law and order—including punishing evil doers. Punishing evil doers includes the use of the “sword,” referring to capital punishment. When the government does this biblically, killing is not murder.

Third, killing as a part of war is not necessarily murder. Not all wars are just wars. Killing human beings even as a part of war is murder if the warfare is not just. What constitutes just warfare? Simply stated (and there is much more to it than space here allows), (a) Just warfare is defensive, not offensive. (b) Just warfare is not undertaken to steal territory from another nation. And (c) just warfare involves enemy combatants, never non-combatant civilians. In a sense, just warfare is an extension of government using the “sword” to protect its people. Want a current example of just v. unjust warfare? Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is not just warfare, and the killing they are doing is murder. The Ukrainian government’s defense of its people and land is just warfare.

Next Time, intentional killing v. unintentional killing.

“You shall not murder.” (part one)

"You shall not murder.” Exodus 20:13

“At least I never killed anyone!” So goes a common cry of self-justification. The idea is that (a) murder is the worst sin, and (b) if one hasn’t committed the worst sin, one is not a sinner. Nice try.

I would agree that murder is arguably the worst sin one can commit against a fellow image bearer of God. But is murder the worst sin? If it is, why isn’t it at the top of the Ten Commandments? Why isn’t murder even the first commandment in the second table of the law? (1)

The reason is that sins directly and exclusively against God Himself (the first for commandments), are the worst sins. Why, because God is infinitely holy. This means that while sinning grievously against another person may indeed be horrific, it isn’t infinitely sinful. Sinning against God Himself is infinitely sinful! (2)

In addition, don’t miss that murder is not even the list-topper on the second table of the law. It is second to dishonoring our earthly parents. Why is that? Because earthly parents are assigned a place of representing our Heavenly Father. So those who dishonor earthly parents are, in a way, dishonoring our Heavenly Father.

Lastly, for this time, according to God in Genesis 9:6, murder is a most grievous sin because it is a desecration of an image bearer of God. It is therefore a grievous sin not only against the one who is murdered, but against God, in whose image the murdered person was created.

Notes:
(1)
Remember, the first table of the Law—the first four commandments are about sins directly and exclusively against God, whereas the second table of the law (the last 6 of the commandments) are about sins directly against other people.
(2) By the way, every sin is against God because when we sin in any way against another human being, we are breaking God’s law.

In coming posts we’ll consider the difference between taking a human life and murder, the relationship between hatred and murder, was Jesus murdered?, and more.

Honoring father & mother (part nine)

“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

I pray you will forgive me for a bit of self-indulgence.  I thought I was done with my comments on the fifth commandment until this morning when I felt the desire to honor my parents in the blog.

First of all, my parents both knew Christ since they were teenagers.  For that I am most grateful.  They knew each other from church.  They fell in love and married while quite young.  They rapidly had two children when they were practically children themselves.  After a gap of several years, they had me, the youngest.

As the youngest I have fond memories of being home alone with my mother when my siblings were already off to school.  My self-employed father worked many long hard hours to support my mother and us kids.  My parents never had any money—paying the bills whenever money trickled in.

We were not merely a church-going family.  We were at church whenever the doors were opened, and they were frequently opened by my father.  They were always pillars of the churches in which we were members.

My father didn’t have to attend all my games for me to know he loved me.  He demonstrated that in many other ways.

My mother and father were affectionate with each other.  They loved each other and I am thankful that we kids knew it.

My father was a fourth-generation wallpaper hanger.  Though neither my brother nor I became the fifth generation professionally, my dad taught his sons his trade.  Some of my fondest memories were created when working for and with my father.

My parents loved their grandchildren.  They were more reserved and didn’t “gush” over them the way Frances and I do over ours, but I know they loved our children.

The second time we went to Israel (and Rome), I led the tour, and that my parents and mother-in-law went with us will be among the fondest memories I have of my parents.  I loved frequently watching my mother’s lips quiver with emotion as she would say, “Our Savior was here!”

Very soon after we returned from that tour, my mother was diagnosed with cancer.  She lived for only fourteen more months.  I was deeply affected by her death; she was only 64 years of age.  I carry a laminated copy of the newspaper obituary in my day-timer.  (Yes, I still carry a day-timer.)

Two-and a half decades later, in his 90s, my father was beginning to fail.  It was time.  Frances and I moved back into the house I grew up in.  For the next ten months the roles reversed for us to care for my father and his wife (he remarried after my mother died).

We are not noble for doing this.  We were simply, by the grace of God, the ones who were most able.  My most wonderful sister and her husband were very much involved in their care as well.

It was not always easy caring for them.  But it was harder on my dad to be cared for than it was for me to care for him, if you know what I mean.

My father was always witty and generously dispensed his old-fashioned home-spun wisdom.  He was sharp-minded until thirty-six hours before he departed to see his Savior, and my mother.

A few times each week I think, “I’ll call my dad…” before remembering that I can’t.

I pray that I have been a father my children can remember as fondly as I remember my parents.

So finally, let us honor our parents by honoring their memory when they have departed.  I know it is easy for me because of who my parents were.  I know my parents were not perfect.  Like me, and their parents before them, they were sinners and they made mistakes.  But in retrospect, it is far better to honor them by remembering them through eyes of sincere fondness.

Honoring father & mother (part eight)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

What exactly does this promise entail? First, what it does not mean. It does not mean that the more we honor the longer we will live. Too many who have honored their parents have died relatively young, and too many who have not honored their parents have lived quite long for that to be the correct interpretation.

In context for Israel, the promise was not for long lives for individuals, but for the nation to inhabit the Promised Land for a long time. Paul’s New Testament application seems to indicate a literal long life. Again, as the previous paragraph states, that cannot be true, because it isn’t! What then?

Note that Paul’s words in Ephesians 6:3 add a phrase (that I have underlined) that is not in Exodus: "that it may be well with you and you may live long on the earth.” This phrase appears to be more directed to quality of life than a literal duration of life.

This reminds us that the “eternal life” of salvation (John 3:16) is also to be understood as an “abundant life” (John 10:10). So “eternal life” does not mean living on the earth eternally, but living on the earth abundantly, and in Heaven eternally. It is, therefore, a mistake to force a literalistic interpretation of the promise attached to the fifth commandment. Rather, let us understand God’s promise of blessing on those who honor their parents.

Honoring father & mother (part seven)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

The Apostle Paul cited the fifth commandment in Ephesians 6:1-4.

Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. "HONOR YOUR FATHER AND MOTHER," which is the first commandment with promise: "THAT IT MAY BE WELL WITH YOU AND YOU MAY LIVE LONG ON THE EARTH." And you, fathers, do not provoke your children to wrath, but bring them up in the training and admonition of the Lord. Ephesians 6:1-4 (underlining added for emphasis)

Paul pointed out that the fifth commandment is “the first commandment with [a] promise” attached. About the attached promise:

Some have argued that there is a promise attached to the second commandment, which comes before the fifth commandment. According to this thought, the commandment not to have any idols has an attached promise of mercy to a thousand generations (v.6). There are several weak explanations, which I will not include here for the sake of time and space. Instead, I will give the explanation that seems best. Quoting from the Baker NT Commentary (Hendriksen & Kistemaker):

The word generally translated first may indicate rank as well as numerical sequence. Thus, when a scribe asked Jesus, “Which commandment is the first of all?” he did not mean, “Which commandment is mentioned first?” but “Which is first in importance?” The original does not read “the first commandment”; it reads, “a commandment first,” that is, “commandment of foremost significance,” not necessarily the most important of all.

In other words, this commandment is of “foremost significance” because those who do not honor their earthly father and mother are not likely to honor their heavenly Father.

And what is the promise? Next time…

Honoring father & mother (part six)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

Parents have an important role in leading our children to honor their parents. Here are some thoughts on how to do this.

  • Teach your children (and grandchildren) the Ten Commandments. All ten. Including the commandment to honor parents. Be sure they understand that dishonoring parents is a sin first of all, against God.

  • Be a respectable and honorable parent. Besides not making it harder for them to honor you, we parents will answer to God for our parenting.

  • Be loving, but do not excuse disrespect. Worse than the other things our children may do wrong, speaking and/or acting disrespectfully toward parents is a serious sin and it must not be tolerated.

  • Honor your parents. Be careful how you speak about your parents in your children’s hearing.

  • Never speak ill of your children’s other parent, whether you are married to their other parent, regardless of who their other parent is, or how that parent acts.

  • Pray for your children. What they need most is to be born again by the Spirit of God. Do all you can to shepherd their souls, and pray that God will save them.

Failure to train our children to honor their parents trains them to break the fifth commandment!

Honoring father & mother (part five)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

Continuing to think about how to honor our parents, two thoughts…

First, we need to be courteous and careful when talking about our parents. We ought not share anything about our parents that would embarrass them or put them in a bad light. Though something may seem funny to us, it might make them feel uncomfortable, causing them to cringe or be humiliated to hear us talking to others about personal matters.

There could be occasions when it is appropriate if we are seeking personal counsel about dealing with past abuses by our parents. That is different from bashing parents for things in the past about which we have forgiven (or should have forgiven) them.

A good way to avoid talking negatively about our parents is to make a pact with our mouths to only speak in complimentary ways about them. And as the old saying goes, “If you can’t say something nice, don’t say anything at all!”

Second, when our parents are deceased, honor their memory. Don’t think that once they have died it is now OK to dishonor them in any way.

Next time: Training our children to honor their parents!

Honoring father & mother (part four)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

Here is a thought about honoring father and mother that may easily be missed.  The commandment is to “honor father and mother”—not just one or the other, thinking that is enough.  This might seem so obvious that it doesn’t need to be said, but in some cases it does need to be said.

When raised in a family in which there has been a divorce, sometimes one parent shone more brightly than the other.  It is understandable to have more affection for the parent who was more involved.  But the commandment says “honor father and mother.” 

It may be much more challenging to honor (or even care about) the absentee parent, or the parent who made life miserable for the favored parent.  In cases like these, forgiveness is the first order of business.  Read the most recent blog for a refresher on that account.

Forgiving, and even honoring, the parent for whom one has little or no affection doesn’t mean that one will become close and live as though everything was always all rosy.  It does mean repenting from harboring ill feelings and refusing to allow bitterness to be acceptable.  Don’t worry about your lack of warm feelings.  Don’t insist that you can’t.  If you are forgiven by God and indwelt by the Holy Spirit, by His grace, you can.

Bonus Thought: If you were the “good parent,” do not speak ill of the other parent, and in so doing, encourage your children to break the fifth commandment by dishonor their other parent—even if unwittingly!

 

Honoring father & mother (part three)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

Let’s continue with our consideration of ways we are to honor our parents.

Let us honor our parents by forgiving them.  Most parents honestly try to do their best to raise their children.  There are exceptions, of course, and even those who do their best still fall short.  Either way, we must forgive.

There is never a time when we are more like Christ than when we are forgiving others.  We are to forgive as we have been forgiven.  Completely, no reservations. No lingering grudges.  No dredging up past mistakes.  Just forgiveness.

“But my parents…”  It doesn’t matter.  Our sins against God are greater than any sin perpetrated against us—after all, our sins against an infinitely holy God are infinite.  Since we are not infinitely holy, sins against us are finite.  Therein lies the difference!  So as God has forgiven us of our infinite sin debt, we must forgive others of their finite sin debt—no matter how we may have suffered.

Unforgiveness leads to bitterness.  Unforgiving bitterness does nothing to bring about justice for past wrongs.  Bitterness only harms the one who is bitter.  As has been said, “Bitterness is like drinking poison, hoping the other person will die.”

We must not withhold forgiveness from anyone—particularly from our parents, who we are commanded to honor. (1)

Lord, please reveal any unforgiveness in our hearts, especially toward our parents.  Forgive us of the sin of unforgiveness.  And grant us the grace to truly forgive, even as You have forgiven us.

Important Footnote: (1) If you need to forgive your parents, are they aware of your unforgiveness? If not, let your forgiveness be between you and God, in your heart. Greater damage is often done by telling people who had no idea about your ill feelings that you are now ready to forgive them!

Honoring father & mother (part two)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

The commandment to “Honor your father and mother,” is sometimes challenged by those who wonder how they can honor parents who have been, or who are, less than honorable.  “How can I honor my parents who failed to provide and care for me?”  “How can I honor parents who abused me?”  “How am I supposed to honor parents were (or are) alcoholics and/or drug abusers?”  These are legitimate questions for which there are answers.

First, honor your parents by saluting their rank.  In the military, service men and women are to salute those whose rank is superior to their own.  Do you suppose that ever superior officer is worth of such respect?  Of course not.  But as the saying goes, “Salute the rank even if you can’t salute the person!”

While the vast majority of parents are at least in some way worthy of respect, “Honor the parent even if you can’t respect the person.”

Did you notice the use of the words honor and respect.  We are commanded by God to honor our parents even if we cannot respect the decisions they make or the actions they take.

Our obligation to obey God’s commands is not dependent upon others’ obedience to God.  Just as husbands and wives are to obey God by being biblical husbands and wives, even when their mates are not, children are to obey God by honoring their parents, even when their parents are not being good parents.

More on honoring parents next time.

Honor father & mother (part one)

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you.” Exodus 20:12

The fifth commandment, “Honor your father and mother,” is the first about our horizontal relationships (with one another after our vertical relationship with God.) It is fitting that our relationship with our parents is the first of the second table of the Law, since our relationship with our parents is primary. Our relationship with our parents is primary for a few reasons:

God’s first commands to Adam and Eve includes the injunction to “be fruitful and multiply” (Genesis 1:28). This underscores God’s priority for those created in His image to bear children.

Our relationship with parents is our first relationship. God forms us from two cells, one from our father and one from our mother. God continues to form us for nine months as we grow inside of our mothers’ wombs. While in our mothers’ wombs, we hear our mothers’ voices and the rhythmic beating of their hearts. (And yes, we are human beings created in the image of God from the moment of conception!)

We come into this world, and see our first (probably blurry) glimpse after our mothers give birth. Usually the first arms to embrace us are our mothers’ arms.

From that first day outside our mothers’ wombs we are cared for by our mothers and by our fathers. We not only share our parents’ DNA, as they train us. They are our first and primary teachers. And as Jesus said, “everyone who is perfectly trained will be like his teacher” (Luke 6:40). For better or worse, we receive our first impressions of God from our parents. These, and as we will see more, are foundational reasons for us to obey God by honoring our fathers and mothers.

Next time: A difference between honor and respect.

The Second Table of the Law

"Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you. "You shall not murder. "You shall not commit adultery. "You shall not steal. "You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. "You shall not covet your neighbor's house; you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, nor his male servant, nor his female servant, nor his ox, nor his donkey, nor anything that is your neighbor's." Exodus 20:12-17

When we began our consideration of the Ten Commandments, we pointed out that the commandments have been divided into “two tables” of the Law. The first table contains the first four commandments.  The second table contains the remaining six commandments.

Those numbers might suggest that the second table of the Law is more important than the first because there are two more commandments in the second than in the first.  We would suggest that is not necessarily true. (This once again proves that statistics can be presented to make whatever case a person favors!)

The first table of the Law concerns our obligations to God and the second table concerns our obligations to one another. (1) Jesus summarized and prioritized the Law by saying that the greatest commandment is to love God and the second commandment is to love our neighbors (Matthew 22:36-40).  Therefore, the first table is first and primary, precisely because not sinning against God is the foundation for not sinning against one another.  Loving God is primary. Loving our neighbors (though vitally important) is secondary.

When comparing the first and second tables of the Law, the number of commandments (4 & 6) may not be the best way to assign priority either.  Look at the overall length of the first table compared with the second table. Look at the number of words in each. The Ten Commandments (in the NKJV) contain a total of 300 words. The first table, about our obligations to God, contain 221 of the 300 words (73.6%). The second table, about our obligations to each other, contain only 79 words (26.3%).  Might I suggest that God gives more ink and attention to the first four laws about our obligations to Him than to the second six laws about our obligations to one another?

The point of this exercise is not to minimize our obligations to each other in the second table, but to emphasize the priority of obeying the commandments relating to God.  The next time someone claims not to be a sinner because he/she has never murdered anybody, ask if he/she has kept the first four commandments relating to God.

Notes: (1) Even our obligations to one another are ultimately obligations to God, since all ten commandments are given by God. So when we sin against our neighbor, we are sinning against God who (a) gave the laws, and we are sinning against God since (b) our neighbors are created in God’s image.

The Sabbath Day (part fifteen)

“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” Exodus 20:8-11

Allow me to next give a bit of historical argumentation for the perpetuity of the Sabbath, though changed from the seventh to the first day of the week.

  • Jesus claimed to be the Lord of the Sabbath (Matthew 12:8, Mark 2:28, & Luke 6:5). Is He the Lord of something that as passed away? (1)

  • Jesus rose on the first day of the week, a day we observe not only on Easter, but weekly, every Lord’s Day.

  • 1 Corinthians 16:1-2 states that the believers met for worship weekly on the first day of the week—the day that came to be called the Lord’s Day. John referred to the Lord’s Day in Revelation 1:10.

  • The early Church Fathers (the first generations after the Apostles), kept and taught the Lord’s day as a Christian Sabbath. (Examples include, but are not limited to: Ignatius, Justin Martyr, Tertullian, and Athanasius.)

  • The chief theologian of the Middle Ages (sometimes referred to as the Medieval Age) was Thomas Aquinas. He taught that the Ten Commandments is an expression of natural law which binds all men, and therefore the Sabbath commandment is a moral requirement along with the other nine, and was to be observed on Sundays. The Roman Catholic Church to this day refers to Sunday as a “Holy Day of Obligation.” (2)

  • The Reformers in the16th century observed and taught the Lord’s Day as a Christian Sabbath. (Examples include, but are not limited to: Luther, Calvin, Beza, and Knox.) The same was true of the 17th century (the century of the great Confessions, Puritanism, and the spread of Christianity to the New World).

  • More Christians for more of Church history observed and taught the Christian Sabbath than not. In fact, the greatest departure from observing the Christian Sabbath was due to a new theology in the 19th century that is based on a separation of Israel and the Church, the Old and New Testaments, and subsequent rejection of the Law. This has and continues to greatly influence the rejection of the Sabbath day.

Notes:
(1)
Some argue from Hebrews 3:7-19, that the Christian Sabbath is not a day, but a new relationship with God that is not dependent on works. These say our relationship with Christ is our Sabbath rest. I do not disagree with the thought of the Christian life as a life of rest. But does that negate the Sabbath Day? If so, does the Christian life lived in light of Christ’s sacrifice negate the special observance of the Lord’s Supper? It does not. We would therefore affirm that the Christian life of rest is punctuated by the special observance of the Sabbath Day of rest, but does not negate the observance of the Sabbath Day.
(2) This fact is cited not to base biblical truth on the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church (which are unbiblical in many ways), but merely to demonstrate that “Christianity” has consistently associated the Lord’s Day with the fourth commandment.

The Sabbath Day (part fourteen)

“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” Exodus 20:8-11

How shall we understand the relationship between the seventh day Sabbath and the first day Sabbath? The London Baptist Confession 1689 explains this in the following words: (The Westminster Confession is very much the same.)

(Chapt. 22, Par. 7) It is the law of nature that in general, a portion of time specified by God should be set apart for the worship of God. So by His Word, in a positive-moral and perpetual commandment that obligates everyone in every age, He has specifically appointed one day in seven for a sabbath to be kept holy to Him.  From the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, the appointed day was the last day of the week. After the resurrection of Christ it was changed to the first day of the week, which is called the Lord’s Day.  This day is to be kept to the end of the age as the Christian Sabbath, since the observance of the last day of the week has been abolished.

Did you read it? Did you notice the parts I underlined? Let me comment on these each in turn:

The law of nature is a reference to the fact that the Sabbath was ordained, blessed, and hallowed by God from creation. The Sabbath is a creation mandate.

The Sabbath is a positive-moral and perpetual commandment that obligates everyone in every age. The Sabbath is a creation mandate, for all people throughout all of time. It is not merely Jewish law, nor exclusively a Christian precept.

The Sabbath is to be observed on one day in seven for a sabbath to be kept holy to Him. The word Sabbath does not refer to which day, but to one day in seven set apart for rest and worship.

From creation forward to the resurrection of Christ, the appointed day was the last day of the week. Those living under the Old Covenant observed the Sabbath day on the seventh day of the week, our modern Saturday. The seventh day aspect of the historic Sabbath was exclusively for the Jewish religion and nation.

After the resurrection of Christ it was changed to the first day of the week, which is called the Lord’s Day. Since the resurrection of Christ, the day was changed, but the Sabbath remained. Why? To commemorate not merely God’s finished work of creation, but Christ’s finished work of salvation. The seventh day commemorated the original creation, and the first day (the Lord’s Day) commemorates the new creation in Christ. Beginning in Acts and the New Testament epistles, the day of Sabbath worship for Christian rest and worship has been the Lord’s Day, Sunday. Every Sunday (not just Easter) is a celebration of Christ’s resurrection!

The Lord’s Day, observed on the first day of the week, is to be kept to the end of the age as the Christian Sabbath. Sunday is the Christian Sabbath, and it will be until Christ comes again.

Observing the Sabbath on Saturday, the last day of the week has been abolished. The only aspect of the Old Testament Sabbath that has been rendered obsolete by the resurrection of Christ, is observing it in the seventh day.

More on this next time…

The Sabbath Day (part thirteen)

“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” Exodus 20:8-11

God blessed and hallowed the Sabbath day. What does that mean?

The Sabbath day is a blessing from God for all people, but especially for His people who follow His example by observing the Sabbath day. As Jesus said, “The Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath” (Mark 2:27). By these words we should understand that the Sabbath day is a blessed gift from God not a burdensome day. If you think of the Sabbath day (the Lord’s Day) as a religious burden to be endured rather than a blessing to be enjoyed, I pray that the Lord will turn your thinking around on that. (1)

The blessed gift is having a day to rest from our regular labors, which are very often, laborious. The blessed gift is having a day to give special and intentional attention to worship. While being created in God’s image means we are to work (being creative and industrious), our even higher calling is to worship God. The Sabbath is a day of rest and a day of worship—I pray you understand these as God’s blessings.

The Sabbath day is hallowed, meaning, “holy,” set apart from something for something. The Sabbath (Lord’s Day) is not to be viewed like all others. While every day is a day to worship and glorify God, honesty demands us to admit that our regular labors distract us from more intentional worship. So God sets aside one day in seven from what is common for what is holy. It is a day to set our minds on what is holy above what is common. Hearts that desire more of God are grateful for a day each week that is hallowed for precisely that.

Next time: Why the Christian Sabbath is not the seventh day, but the first day of the week.

A footnote: (1) Those who view observing the Lord’s Day as an intrusion into what they would rather be doing are worshiping other things (including their own desires) above God. Additionally, few things are as burdensome as living to satisfy the flesh.

What is so good about Good Friday?

For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him. 2 Corinthians 5:21

It is a theological irony that we call Good Friday “good.” What Jesus subjected Himself to while on the cross was anything but '“good.” But it was for good. I was for our good because it is by His death on the cross that He saved His people. It was for the Father’s glory which is supremely good.

This lesson has practical ramifications for the Christian life. Many things that we experience in our lives are unpleasant and not so good in the short run. But isn’t it true that our suffering is commonly the pathway to spiritual growth and maturity? (James 1:2-4 “count it all joy…).

God’s Word encourages us (Romans 8:28) that “all things work together for good…” That is not a promise of freedom from all pain and sorrow! Quite the contrary. It promises us that all things (even those we don’t think of as good), are being worked together by God to bring about good.

Back to “Good Friday.” That Friday was in so many ways excruciatingly bad. That Saturday was a day of hopelessness, despair, and confusion—not knowing what was ahead the next morning.

Then there is Resurrection Sunday. The greatest of great days! Resurrection Sunday could not have happened if it were not for the pain, sorrow, and despair of Good Friday.

I pray that thinking about that will make your celebration of Resurrection Sunday that much more joyous!…

The Sabbath Day (part twelve)

"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” Exodus 20:8-11

We are working our way through the fourth, and longest, of the Ten Commandments. This time let’s consider God’s words regarding the Sabbath as He reminds us (from Genesis 2:1-3) that He not only established the Sabbath day at creation, but that He symbolically observed it Himself as the Supreme Example, showing us the importance of this commandment.

God’s Sabbath day commandment dates back to creation. Let those words sink in when considering the importance of the Sabbath.

God symbolically observed the fist Sabbath day. I say symbolically because God needed no rest! God’s creative power by which “He created everything that exists out of nothing at all,” is infinite. Yet He expended no power, meaning, He needed no rest. Therefore, His initial observance of the Sabbath was symbolic—that is, it was for our benefit not His!

Which of the other commandments did God keep as an example to us? That matters!

Further, God’s observing the first Sabbath day (albeit symbolically) is a powerful example that we, who do need a Sabbath rest, best not neglect it. May God have mercy on those who say it doesn’t apply to us!

In the next few blogs (yes, there will be more!), we will consider the blessings and the holiness of the Sabbath day, and why the Christian Sabbath is not the seventh day, but the first day of the week.

The Sabbath Day (part eleven)

"Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is the Sabbath of the LORD your God. In it you shall do no work: you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your cattle, nor your stranger who is within your gates. For in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the LORD blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it.” Exodus 20:8-11

Let us continue our consideration of the “not working” part of the commandment, to whom it applies, in particular:

It applies to those who serve, or work for us. Why would we obey God’s command to not work on the Lord’s Day while expecting others to work for us? Few if any of us have “servants,” but should we expect our employees to work on the Lord’s Day—whether they are believers or not? And what are the people who cook and wait on us in restaurants? Are they not working for us—as servants?

When we engage in “unnecessary commerce”(1), are we not putting others to work, for us? We cannot stop others from working, but we can cease having them serve, or work for, us—on the Lord’s Day.

How does livestock apply? In a farming and/or ranching context, livestock are not pets. They are “tools/equipment of the trade.” While humans have a humanitarian responsibility to care for animals, we should not put them to work to earn us money on the Lord’s Day. I can well imagine that most are thinking “Huh?” Of course! Because few, if any of us, are engaged in this kind of business. To apply the principle to a non-agricultural setting, maybe we should think in terms of not having our businesses run on the Lord’s Day, even if we are not personally working.

Lastly, the commandment applies to “strangers” among us. Let this be a reminder that not only are we not to labor on the Lord’s Day, we are not to put others—including non-believers—to work on the Lord’s Day. It doesn’t matter that they may not be believers. Do not all of the Ten Commandments apply to believers and non-believers alike?

Next time: God not only established the Sabbath, He was the first to observe it as the perfect Example.

Note: (1)Necessary commerce” might include purchasing emergency medication when someone is sick.