Agree with your adversary quickly, while you are on the way with him, lest your adversary deliver you to the judge, the judge hand you over to the officer, and you be thrown into prison. Assuredly, I say to you, you will by no means get out of there till you have paid the last penny. Matthew 5:25-26

The next observation of this passage is that Jesus used a rather serious illustration to make His point. It involved the potential of going to court, over money, resulting in someone going to prison, possibly for a long time.

The illustration makes the point, but the illustration is not the point. The point of the passage is that unresolved conflicts and/or unforgiveness, whether great or small, erect barriers that stand in the way of true worship of God. Remember Psalm 66:18, “If I regard iniquity in my heart, The Lord will not hear [my prayer].”

Lastly, the reference to never getting out of prison has been widely accepted as having ultimate fulfillment eternal judgment. The Baker NT Commentary states:

It is clear that the words of the Lord have a deeper meaning. In the final analysis he is speaking not about an earthly but about the heavenly judge; nor about an earthly jail but about hell.

Let us not minimize the gravity of Jesus words about the consequences of sinful anger.