An Introduction to Systematic Theology
I. The Definition and Comparisons to Other Philosophies and Theologies.
Systematic Theology is reflection on biblical truth, with each aspect relating to every other aspect and to the whole, thus constructing a truly integrated system.
Systematic Theology differs from mere philosophy, in that philosophy does not depend upon the revelation of God in His Word. Philosophers choose an axiom and build upon it. The axiom of Systematic Theology is God’s revelation of Himself in Scripture. The presupposition that the Word of God is truth is essential.
Systematic Theology differs from Dogmatic Theology, in that Dogmatic Theology begins with the confessional stance of a church. While the confession may be every bit true, as long as the confession is true to the Word of God, Dogmatic Theology tends to place too great an emphasis on the confession, even above the Word of God.
Systematic Theology differs from Biblical Theology, in that Biblical Theology follows the chronological revelation of theology. Each point in Biblical Theology is brought up as it comes up in the cannon of Scripture. It traces the development of theology from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical Theology asks the question, “What does the Bible reveal about God?” Systematic Theology asks the question: “What is true about God?” Systematic Theology seeks to organize biblical truth in a topical or thematic manner which arrives at the most complete truth in a system in which all relates to a unified and integrated God-centered worldview.
Some people are afraid of systematic theology, thinking it is opposed to the Bible. It is not, as some allege, “Decide what you believe and find verses to support your beliefs.” Rather, when systematic theology is done correctly, it takes into consideration all that the Bible says about every topic. It then interprets every topic in light of the whole of scripture.
Everyone has a systematic theology, or worldview. Also, systematic theology allows godly people to arrive at conclusions regarding topics about which the Bible does not speak explicitly, based on biblical principles. For example, if we take the approach of the biblical literalist, women cannot receive communion since none were present at the Last Supper. However, looking at the whole of God’s revelation, theologians have concluded that God invites women to the table. That conclusion was arrived at through a systematic approach to theology.